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› Forums › Basic skills › Programming › Shell scripting (in bash) › Simple string manipulations
Often, you need to modify a string (such as a filename or a path) in the shell. Here are some useful ways to do that.
The basename command strips prefixes and suffixes from strings like this:
$ basename path/to/some_file.txt some_file.txt $ basename some_file.txt some_file.txt $ basename some_file.txt .txt some_file
You might need to cut a string on a separator, keeping only some parts if it. There are lots of ways to do that. The built-in cut command is one way (and you can pass it files too, whereby it will perform the same operation to all lines). The pipe “|” sends the output of one process to the input of the next.
$ # -c cuts using character positions $ echo some_file.txt | cut -c6-9 file $ # -d cuts using the delimiter you specify $ echo some_file.txt | cut -d"_" -f1 some $ # and -f specifies which field(s) you want to keep $ echo some_file.txt | cut -d"_" -f2 file.txt $ echo a_long_file_name.txt | cut -d"_" -f2-4 long_file_name.txt
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