Although standard speech quality measures such as PESQ do not work well for synthetic speech, specially constructed methods do work to some extent.
Christoph R. Norrenbrock, Florian Hinterleitner, Ulrich Heute, Sebastian Möller. “Quality prediction of synthesized speech based on perceptual quality dimensions” Speech Communication Volume 66, February 2015, Pages 17–35 DOI: 10.1016/j.specom.2014.06.003
Publisher’s version (for Edinburgh University students)