Peter Ladefoged “Elements of acoustic phonetics”, 1996, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Second edition, ISBN 0226467635, 0226467643
Ladefoged (Elements) - Chapter 1 - Sound waves
Very brief, but a reasonable place to start if you have no idea what sound is.
Ladefoged (Elements) - Chapter 2 - Loudness and pitch
These are perceptual phenomena that relate to physical properties of sound.
Ladefoged (Elements) - Chapter 3 - Quality
A general term for aspects of sound other than loudness and pitch. Different vowels, for example, have a different quality of sound.
Ladefoged (Elements) - Chapter 4 - Wave analysis
The waveform is rarely the best representation for analysis of sound, and this is an intuitive introduction to why.
Ladefoged (Elements) - Chapter 5 - Resonance
Now we turn to speech production, and resonance is how the vocal tract shapes the quality of sound, to produce different vowels, for example.
Ladefoged (Elements) - Chapter 6 - Hearing
Some understanding of human hearing will be helpful for engineering suitable features to extract from the waveform for automatic speech recognition.
Ladefoged (Elements) - Chapter 7 - The production of speech
Some phonetics at last, and a first encounter with the source-filter model of speech.
Ladefoged (Elements) - Chapter 8 - Resonances of the vocal tract
A more detailed look at how resonance occurs in the vocal tract, and how that can be used to explain the sound quality (e.g. formant frequencies) of vowel sounds.
Ladefoged (Elements) - Chapter 10 - Fourier analysis
An attempt to explain Fourier analysis. Although chapters 1-9 are great, I actually do not recommend chapter 10.
Ladefoged (Elements) - Chapter 11 - Digital filters and LPC analysis
A brave attempt to use 'long hand' to spell out how LPC analysis works, but not a recommended reading.
